What role does tRNA play in protein synthesis?

tRNA, or transfer RNA, plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, specifically during the process of translation. Its primary function is to carry amino acids to the ribosome, the cellular machinery where proteins are assembled. Each tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon sequence that is complementary to the codon sequence on the mRNA strand. This ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain in accordance with the genetic instructions carried by the mRNA. By matching the appropriate amino acid to the corresponding codon on the mRNA, tRNA plays an essential role in translating the genetic code into functional proteins. This process is fundamental to cellular function and organism development.