What is the role of cortisol, produced by the adrenal glands?

Cortisol plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress and in the regulation of metabolism. As a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, cortisol helps mobilize energy stores by influencing the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. During times of stress, it increases blood sugar levels through gluconeogenesis in the liver, providing the body with the necessary energy to respond to stressors effectively.

Additionally, cortisol exerts anti-inflammatory effects and helps regulate immune responses, which are essential aspects of how the body manages stress and maintains homeostasis. Therefore, its primary functions are closely tied to regulating metabolism and orchestrating the stress response, making this choice the most accurate regarding the action of cortisol in the body.