What describes sex-linked inheritance?

Sex-linked inheritance primarily refers to the transmission of genes that are carried on the sex chromosomes, particularly the X and Y chromosomes. When discussing sex-linked traits, the focus is often on the X chromosome since it carries a larger number of genes compared to the Y chromosome and is more commonly associated with disorders that show a pattern of inheritance linked to sex.

In this context, option C emphasizes the role of genes carried on the X chromosome. This is particularly relevant because many genetic disorders that exhibit sex-linked inheritance are recessive and are found on the X chromosome, affecting males more frequently since they have only one X chromosome. Females, having two X chromosomes, often act as carriers without expressing the disorder if the gene is recessive.

Understanding that some traits are linked to the X chromosome indicates a specific pattern of inheritance that separates them from autosomal traits, making option C a valid and accurate description of sex-linked inheritance.