During which phase of meiosis does recombination occur?

Prepare for the Semmelweis Medicine Biology Entrance Exam. Test your knowledge with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each with hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

Recombination, also known as crossing over, occurs during Prophase I of meiosis. This phase is critical because homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material, which increases genetic diversity in the resulting gametes. During Prophase I, the process involves the synapsis of homologous chromosomes, where they align closely, allowing for the exchange of segments between non-sister chromatids. This recombination not only contributes to genetic variation but is also essential for proper chromosome segregation in meiosis.

Other phases, such as Metaphase I, Prophase II, and Telophase I, do not involve this process of crossing over. During Metaphase I, homologous chromosome pairs align at the cell equator, but recombination has already occurred. Prophase II is characterized by the preparation of the two haploid cells for a second meiotic division, and Telophase I involves the separation of homologous chromosomes and the formation of new nuclei, without any further recombination. Thus, Prophase I is the only stage where recombination takes place, making it the correct answer.

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